In this study, 27 Y-chromosomal short tandem repeat loci and 12 X-chromosomal short tandem repeat loci were analysed using Yfiler™ Plus PCR Amplification Kit (Applied Biosystems™)and Investigator® Argus X-12 Kit (Qiagen®) respectively in English and Irish males. Genetic data of 361 unrelated individuals with self-proclaimed ethnicities since three generations was obtained from Anglia DNA services, Norwich for analysis. All the haplotypes observed for both chromosomal markers were unique, giving both Haplotype Diversity and Discrimination Capacity value as 1.0000. DYF387S1 loci for Y-STR markers and DXS10135for X-STR loci were the most polymorphic loci in both the populations. The average genetic diversity for XSTRs was 0.815 and 0.811 in English and Irish males respectively, while it was 0.657 and 0.663 for Y-STRs in English and Irish populations respectively. Analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) results for both gonosomal markers suggested no significant genetic dissimilarities among both the populations and high intra-population polymorphism. These results were further confirmed by PCoA analysis since the populations did not cluster separately. Further, comparative analysis of Y-STR markers was done with 9048 haplotypes extracted from different populations and national databases available on the YHRD database to identify stratification of male population among world-wide population samples. For X-STR markers, secondary data of 1037 German males was used from the published work by Edelmann et al. (2012). Comparative analyses results from both gonosomal loci suggested that English and Irish males were closely related to German haplotypes from all the studied populations. The dataset obtained can be used in several forensic casework applications as well as aid in human identification studies, such as kinship analysis, trace evidence detection and identification, deficiency paternity testing, criminal incest cases, anthropological identification of exhumed bodies, dismembered bodies/body parts, skeletal remains, disaster victim identification, and missing persons cases, among other uses.
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